{"id":12652,"date":"2024-11-20T16:22:25","date_gmt":"2024-11-20T13:22:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/f-genetics.com\/?post_type=test&#038;p=12652"},"modified":"2025-08-22T11:38:33","modified_gmt":"2025-08-22T08:38:33","slug":"pgt-m","status":"publish","type":"test","link":"https:\/\/f-genetics.com\/en\/pgt-m\/","title":{"rendered":"PGT-M"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wp-block-genetics-row-with-tabs test__row\"><div class=\"test__col\"><section class=\"test__tabs\"><h2>What is\u00a0PGT-M<\/h2><div class=\"inner\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-genetics-tabs c-tabs\"><div class=\"c-tabs__nav\"><div class=\"tabs-wrapper swiper-wrapper\"><div data-tab=\"1\" class=\"tab-link swiper-slide current\" tabindex=\"0\">What is&nbsp;PGT-M?<\/div><div data-tab=\"2\" class=\"tab-link swiper-slide\" tabindex=\"0\">Mechanism of&nbsp;disease transmission<\/div><div data-tab=\"3\" class=\"tab-link swiper-slide\" tabindex=\"0\">Indications<\/div><div data-tab=\"4\" class=\"tab-link swiper-slide\" tabindex=\"0\">Advantages<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"tabs-arrow arrow-prev\">\u2190<\/div><div class=\"tabs-arrow arrow-next\">\u2192<\/div><div class=\"c-tabs__contents\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-genetics-tab tab-content genetics-tab-1 current\">\n<div class=\"row\">\n<div class=\"col col-6\"><p>PGT-M&nbsp;is a&nbsp;preimplantation genetic testing for\u00a0<span class=\"tooltip\" data-tooltip-content=\"#test_tooltip1\">monogenic diseases <\/span>designed for couples who want to&nbsp;minimize the risk of&nbsp;passing on&nbsp;to&nbsp;their child a&nbsp;genetic pathology of&nbsp;which they are carriers.\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"col col-4\"><p><span class=\"factoid\"><span>6000+<\/span>rare hereditary diseases are currently registered in&nbsp;scientific databases<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"row\">\n<div class=\"col col-6\">\n<p><strong>Main causes of&nbsp;monogenic diseases:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-genetics-list genetics-list has-16-font-size\">\n<li class=\"has-14-font-size\">Point mutations<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li class=\"has-14-font-size\">Deletions\/duplications that disrupt gene functioning<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"is-style-red\"><strong>Important:<\/strong> PGT-M <strong>can only be&nbsp;performed with <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/f-genetics.com\/en\/konsultaczii-s-vrachami\/\"><strong>a&nbsp;referral from a&nbsp;geneticist!<\/strong><\/a>!<br>The analysis requires biomaterial from partners and close blood relatives.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-genetics-tab tab-content genetics-tab-2\">\n<p class=\"has-20-font-size\">How does a&nbsp;monogenic genetic disease pass from parents to&nbsp;a&nbsp;child?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Monogenic diseases are divided into two types of&nbsp;inheritance:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"row\">\n<div class=\"col col-5\">\n<p><strong>1) Dominant<\/strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;&mdash; clinical manifestations are possible even when only one of&nbsp;the two copies of&nbsp;the gene transmitted from a&nbsp;parent with an&nbsp;established clinical diagnosis is&nbsp;damaged<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"col col-5\">\n<p><strong>2) Recessive<\/strong>&nbsp;&nbsp;&mdash; the disease manifests itself only if&nbsp;both copies of&nbsp;the gene are damaged. In&nbsp;this case, parents, as&nbsp;a&nbsp;rule, do&nbsp;not have clinical manifestations, but are carriers of&nbsp;a&nbsp;pathogenic genetic variant.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"row\">\n<div class=\"col col-5\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/f-genetics.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/autosomaldominant.svg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"974\" height=\"790\" src=\"https:\/\/f-genetics.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/autosomaldominant.svg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12799\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"col col-5\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/f-genetics.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/autosomalrecessive.svg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"974\" height=\"790\" src=\"https:\/\/f-genetics.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/autosomalrecessive.svg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12800\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>If&nbsp;the defective gene is&nbsp;located on&nbsp;an&nbsp;autosome (any chromosome other than the sex chromosomes), in&nbsp;case of&nbsp;dominant hereditary diseases, the probability of&nbsp;inheriting the variant from a&nbsp;parent is&nbsp;50%.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>If&nbsp;both parents are carriers of&nbsp;the recessive variant, the probability of&nbsp;inheriting both copies of&nbsp;the damaged gene is&nbsp;25%.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:28px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-20-font-size\">Diseases with a&nbsp;recessive type of&nbsp;inheritance associated with the&nbsp;X chromosome (X-linked recessive type of&nbsp;inheritance)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"row\">\n<div class=\"col col-main\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/f-genetics.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/pgtm_diseasetransmission.svg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"900\" height=\"632\" src=\"https:\/\/f-genetics.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/pgtm_diseasetransmission.svg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12668\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"col col-aside\"><p class=\"is-style-default\"><span class=\"factoid\"><span>50%<\/span>of&nbsp;female children will be&nbsp;carriers of&nbsp;the variant.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"row\">\n<div class=\"col col-main\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/f-genetics.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/pgtm_diseasetransmission_2.svg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"900\" height=\"654\" src=\"https:\/\/f-genetics.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/pgtm_diseasetransmission_2.svg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12669\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"col col-aside\"><p><span class=\"factoid\"><span>50%<\/span>chance that a&nbsp;pathogenic variant inherited from a&nbsp;carrier mother will result in&nbsp;the development of&nbsp;the disease in&nbsp;a&nbsp;male child.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"row\">\n<div class=\"col col-main\">\n<p class=\"is-style-purple\">Since boys have only one X&nbsp;chromosome, a&nbsp;single altered copy of&nbsp;the gene is&nbsp;enough for them to&nbsp;develop the disease.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"col col-aside\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-genetics-tab tab-content genetics-tab-3\">\n<p>PGT-M&nbsp;is justified for families with a&nbsp;high risk of&nbsp;transmitting a&nbsp;monogenic disease&nbsp;&mdash; a&nbsp;specific disease associated with a&nbsp;single gene.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>PGT-M&nbsp;is advisable&nbsp;if:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-genetics-list genetics-list has-16-font-size\">\n<li>Both partners are carriers of&nbsp;the same autosomal recessive disease<br>(for example, cystic fibrosis)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The patient is\u00a0a\u00a0carrier of\u00a0an\u00a0X-linked disorder<br>(e.g. Duchenne muscular dystrophy)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>One of&nbsp;the partners has an&nbsp;autosomal dominant disorder<br>(e.g. Huntington&rsquo;s disease)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>One of&nbsp;the partners has a&nbsp;mutation associated with a&nbsp;hereditary cancer syndrome<br>(e.g. described pathogenic variant in&nbsp;BRCA1\/2)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The couple has a&nbsp;child with a&nbsp;confirmed hereditary disorder<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Testing is&nbsp;performed using ART and is&nbsp;designed to&nbsp;identify embryos with monogenic genetic disorders inherited from their parents for further decision-making on&nbsp;the transfer of&nbsp;a&nbsp;healthy embryo into the uterine cavity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"is-style-red\"><strong>Important:<\/strong> PGT-M <strong>can only be&nbsp;performed with <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/f-genetics.com\/en\/konsultaczii-s-vrachami\/\"><strong>a&nbsp;referral from a&nbsp;geneticist!<\/strong><\/a>!<br>The analysis requires biomaterial from partners and close blood relatives.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-genetics-tab tab-content genetics-tab-4\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-genetics-list genetics-list has-16-font-size\">\n<li>Minimization of&nbsp;the risk of&nbsp;transmission of&nbsp;genetic diseases to&nbsp;offspring even before the embryo is&nbsp;transferred into the uterine cavity.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Reducing the likelihood of&nbsp;possible complications associated with artificial termination of&nbsp;pregnancy, which is&nbsp;not only an&nbsp;ethical dilemma, but also carries a&nbsp;psychological burden for the couple.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"is-style-blue\">If&nbsp;desired or&nbsp;necessary, <a href=\"https:\/\/f-genetics.com\/en\/pgt\/\">PGT-A<\/a> (preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidies) can be&nbsp;performed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-20-font-size\">Individual approach<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To&nbsp;ensure maximum accuracy in&nbsp;embryo diagnostics,<br>First Genetics Laboratory individually develops a&nbsp;panel for each case of&nbsp;monogenic disease and uses several complementary analysis methods.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>PGT-M&nbsp;is a&nbsp;reliable research method for families with a&nbsp;high risk of&nbsp;inheriting monogenic genetic diseases, which makes it&nbsp;possible to&nbsp;exclude their transmission to&nbsp;descendants.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/section><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>","protected":false},"template":"","class_list":["post-12652","test","type-test","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>\u041f\u0413\u0422-\u041c - First Genetics<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/f-genetics.com\/en\/pgt-m\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" 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